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References for Dr. Pilcher's Article on
Dental Care for the Patient
with Down Syndrome


Barnett ML et al (1988).  The prevalence of mitral valve prolapse in patients with Down syndrome: Implications for dental management.  Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology, 66, 445-7.

Barnett ML et al (1986).  The prevalence of periodontitis and dental caries in a Down syndrome population.  Journal of Periodontology, 57, 288-93.

Bloch K et al(1990).  Obstructive sleep apnea in a child with trisomy 21.  Monatsschr ift Kinderheilkunde, 138, 817-22.

Devenny DA et al(1992).  Ageing in higher functioning adults with Down syndrome: an interim report in a longitudinal study. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities Research, 36, 241-50.

Fischer-Brandeis H (1989). The time of eruption of the milk teeth in Down's syndrome.  Fortschritte derKeiferothopadie, 50, 144-51.

Margar-Bacal F et al (1987).  Speech intelligibility after partial glossectomy in children with Down's syndrome.  Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 79, 44-9.

Morinushi T et al (1995).  The relationship between dental caries in the primary dentition and anti S. Mutans serum antibodies in children with Down's syndrome.  Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 19, 279-83.

Mussig D et al (1990). The eruption of decidious teeth in children with various forms of Down's syndrome and congenital heart defects.  Deutche Zahnarzteblatt, 45, 157-9.

Ondarza A et al (1995).  Tooth malalignments in Chilean children with Down's syndrome. Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal, 32, 188-93.

Phillips DE & Rogers JH (1988). Down's syndrome with lingual tonsil hypertrophy producing sleep apnea.  Journal of Laryngology & Otolaryngology, 102, 1054-5.

Revland-Bosma W (1990).  Periodontal disease in Down's syndrome.  Ned Jijdscrift voor Tandheelkkunde, 97, 468-71.

Shapira J et al (1991). Caries level, Streptococcus mutans counts, salivary pH and periodontal treatment needs of adult Down syndrome patients.  Special Care Dentist, 11, 248-51.

Shaw L & Saxby MS (1986).  Periodontal destruction in Down's syndrome and in juvenile periodontitis; how close a similarity?  Journal of Periodontology, 57, 709-13.

Sigal MJ & Levine N (1993).  Down's syndrome and Alzheimer's disease.  Journal of the Canadian Dental Association, 59, 823-29.

Silverman M (1988).  Airway obstruction and sleep disruption in Down's syndrome.  British Medical Journal, 296, 1618-9.

Sohoel PD et al (1992).  In situ characteristics of mononuclear cells in marginal periodontitis of patients with Down's syndrome.  Acta Odontologica Scandinavia, 50, 141-9.

Sohoel PD et al (1995). Expression of HLA Class II antigens in marginal periodontitis of patients with Down's syndrome.  European Journal of Oral Science, 103, 207-13.

Southern Association of Institutional Dentists (1994).  Southern Assoc of Institutional Dentists Self-study Course: Module 3 Down syndrome.

Stabholtz A et al (1991).  Local application of sustained-release delivery system of chlorhexedine in Down's syndrome population.  Clinical Preventive Dentistry, 13, 9-14.

Starmans JL & Bloem JJ (1991).  Tongue reduction in children with Down's syndrome, a functional operation.  Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde, 135, 1963-6.

Stebbens VA et al (1991).  Sleep related upper airway obstruction in a cohort with Down's syndrome.  Archives of the Disabled Child, 66, 1333-8.

Vicari S & Caltagirone C (1990).  Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome: a review.  Rivista Neurologica, 60, 151-9.

Vittek J et al (1994).  Analysis of orthodontic anomalies in mentally retarded developmentally disabled persons.  Special Care Dentist, 14, 198-202.

Yavuzyilmaz E et al (1993). Neutrophil chemotaxis and periodontal status in Down syndrome patients.  Journal of Nihon University School of Dentistry, 35, 91-5.

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